Ntuj Abrasives
Ntuj abrasives muaj xws li ntuj corundum, emery, quartz, pumice, diatomaceous ntiaj teb, thiab lwm yam. Cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm ntuj corundum yog aluminium oxide; Feem ntau mined hauv South Africa, nws yog siv rau polishing thiab sib tsoo iav. Emery kuj yog ib daim ntawv ntawm txhuas oxide; Feem ntau hais lus, nws tsis yog ntshiab dua li corundum. Feem ntau yog los ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws thiab Qaib Cov Txwv, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov ntaub abrasive thiab sandpaper. Quartz yog cov khoom siv ntxov tshaj plaws siv rau kev sib tsoo log thiab tseem siv niaj hnub no rau kev tsim cov cuab yeej txiav thiab ua cov iav. Pumice yog lub hauv paus chiv keeb volcanic thiab ua cov khoom siv los ua cov hmoov polishing. Diatomaceous ntiaj teb yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hauv polishing hmoov thiab oilstones. Lwm yam ntuj abrasives muaj xws li talc, silica, feldspar, dub silica, thiab chalk. Garnet xuab zeb yog lub ntuj abrasive uas ua los ntawm kev ua raw garnet ore; vim nws eco- tus phooj ywg xwm thiab siab hardness, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv waterjet txiav thiab nto kho daim ntaub ntawv, qhov twg nws muaj peev xwm hloov ib feem ntawm lub zog -intensive dag abrasives.
Common Artificial Abrasives
Artificial abrasive khoom yog feem ntau categorized rau hauv ob pawg loj: corundum abrasives thiab silicon carbide abrasives. Brown corundum abrasive-nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb yog Al₂O₃- muaj cov tawv nqaij nruab nrab, siab tawv, thiab ntse ntse; nws yog qhov pheej yig thiab tsim nyog rau kev ua cov hlau nrog lub zog tensile siab. Dawb corundum abrasive muaj ib qho hardness me ntsis siab dua li cov xim av corundum tab sis nthuav tawm qis toughness; Thaum lub sij hawm sib tsoo, nws txiav tau yooj yim rau hauv lub workpiece, nta nws tus kheej zoo heev -sharpening zog, generates tsawg tshav kub, thiab muaj zog sib tsoo muaj peev xwm thiab high efficiency. Ib leeg- siv lead ua corundum abrasive muaj cov nplej uas tsim los ntawm ib tus neeg siv lead ua, featuring zoo -polyhedral txiav ntug; nws muaj cov hardness siab thiab toughness, muaj zog sib tsoo muaj peev xwm, thiab generates tsawg heev thaum lub sij hawm sib tsoo cov hauj lwm. Dub silicon carbide, ntsuab silicon carbide, cubic silicon carbide, thiab cerium-doped silicon carbide abrasives tag nrho poob rau hauv qeb ntawm silicon carbide abrasives. Lawv cov khoom tseem ceeb yog silicon carbide (SiC); Cov yam ntxwv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, siab brittleness, ntse abrasive nplej, zoo thermal conductivity, thiab muaj zog hnav tsis kam, lawv yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo{11}} haum rau kev ua cov tawv tawv thiab nkig hlau nrog rau cov khoom tsis yog{12}} hlau.
Superhard Abrasives
Superhard abrasives feem ntau muaj pob zeb diamond thiab cubic boron nitride (CBN). Pob zeb diamond abrasives feem ntau yog siv rau kev sib tsoo cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj thiab nkig xws li cemented carbides, optical iav, ceramics, thiab ntuj pob zeb. CBN abrasives tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 1300℃txog 1400 degree; lawv muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis txaus siab rau cov hlau- cov ntsiab lus, muaj cov thermal conductivity zoo, thiab muab cov khoom tshem tawm siab, kev sib tsoo siab, thiab lub neej ntev ntawm kev sib tsoo steel. Yog li ntawd, lawv tau zoo- haum rau kev sib tsoo high-hardness, siab-toughness hlau xws li hardened steel, siab-ceev steel, siab{10}}lub zog steel, stainless hlau, thiab tshav kub{11}}resistant alloys. Synthetic pob zeb diamonds tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb: High-High Siab-Temperature (HPHT) method thiab Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
Novel Abrasives
Ceramic Alumina Abrasives (SG abrasives) yog npaj siv cov txheej txheem sol-gel thiab muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li lub zog siab, zoo heev toughness, thiab superior rau tus kheej- sharpening zog. Agglomerated Abrasives (tseem hu ua polycrystalline-zoo li abrasives) yog tsim los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntau yam zoo-cov khoom abrasive ua ke nrog kev sib khi; lawv yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lawv lub neej ua haujlwm ntev thiab zoo ib yam, cov khoom siv tshem tawm tsis zoo.
Lwm yam kev ua haujlwm abrasives
CMP (Chemical-Mechanical Polishing) slurries siv nanoscale abrasive hais-xws li silica, ceria, thiab alumina-rau precision polishing daim ntaub ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv semiconductor nti manufacturing.
